Greek health authorities (EODY) have issued a public health advisory about leptospirosis, a bacterial infection that tourists should be aware of when visiting Crete, particularly during outdoor activities. The disease is transmitted through contact with water, soil, or mud contaminated by the urine of infected animals such as rats, dogs, and livestock. Common activities that increase risk include swimming in rivers or lakes, hiking through muddy terrain, and handling animals. Symptoms typically appear 2 to 30 days after exposure and include sudden fever, severe headaches, muscle pain, and chills. Diagnosis is frequently delayed because these symptoms resemble other common illnesses. In serious cases, the infection can cause jaundice, kidney failure, or respiratory complications. Tourists should avoid swimming in freshwater after heavy rain, wear protective footwear in rural areas, and seek medical attention promptly if symptoms develop.